![]() ![]() Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind, written in fourteen line terza rima stanzas, is a major poem in the form. Others also wrote odes: Samuel Taylor Coleridge, John Keats, and Percy Bysshe Shelley who wrote odes with regular stanza patterns. It is not now as it hath been of yore - (Excerpt from Wordsworth’s Intimations of Immortality) There was a time when meadow, grove, and stream, Notable actual Pindaric odes by Thomas Gray, The Progress of Poesy and The Bard. Cowley based the principle of his Pindariques These were iambic, but had irregular line length patterns and rhyme schemes. n the 17th century, the most important original odes in English are by Abraham Cowley. The earliest odes in the English language, using the word in its strict form, were the Epithalamium and Prothalamium of Edmund Spenser. An English ode is a lyrical stanza in praise of, or dedicated to someone or something that captures the poet’s interest or serves as an inspiration for the ode. ![]() ![]() It conveys exalted and inspired emotions. Irregular odes use rhyme, but not the three-part form of the Pindaric ode, nor the two- or four-line stanza of the Horatian ode. Horatian odes follow conventions of Horace the odes of Horace deliberately imitated the Greek lyricists such as Alcaeus and Anacreon. Pindaric odes follow the form and style of Pindar. Greek odes were originally poetic pieces performed with musical accompaniment. There are three typical forms of odes: the Pindaric, Horatian, and irregular. A classic ode is structured in three major parts: the strophe, the antistrophe, and the epode. It is an elaborately structured poem praising or glorifying an event or individual, describing nature intellectually as well as emotionally. Though they may deviate from the Greeks in style, modern lyric poets still capture many of the emotions present in ancient lyric poetry.An ode (is a type of lyrical stanza. This and many many other free verse poems use creative methods to express complex thoughts and feelings. William Carlos Williams’s 16-word poem “The Red Wheelbarrow”, for example, leaves the reader to interpret the emotional significance of the red wheelbarrow on which “so much depends”. They range from quiet reflections on hope as in Langston Hughes’ “Dreams” to impassioned elegies like Walt Whitman’s “O Captain! My Captain!” Lyric poets may express emotions in overblown, dramatic language, or choose to reveal their emotion in less overt ways. Lyric poems can vary in length from a single stanza of a few lines, to lengthy odes hundreds of lines long. Most poems that simply explore a thematic idea, express a strong emotion, or attempt to convey an important truth fall into the lyric category. By the 19th century, lyric poetry had become the dominant poetic genre, a reality that remains true to this day. Later, the Romantic poets, like Wordsworth, Keats, Shelley, and Coleridge, used the lyric poem as a medium to express the exuberant sentimentality that characterized that movement. ![]() Poets like Petrarch, Shakespeare, and Milton perfected the lyric poem through their sonnets. Renaissance troubadours reflected an evolution of the ancient forms by singing poetic songs of courtly love. In the centuries since, fewer poems are designed for musical accompaniment, but poems with a strong emotional focus have retained the name “lyric”. The lyric poem originated among the ancient Greeks, whose lyre accompanied poems followed a strict meter and expressed sentiments of love, celebration, praise, or bitterness. Common forms include sonnets, odes, and elegies, but lyric poems may just as well be written in free verse. The lyric poem has few restrictions and may take many structural forms. The poetic speaker, though distinct from the author, is portrayed as someone emotionally invested in the subject matter. It is distinguished by its use of a personal voice and subjective point of view. Although it derives its name from the lyre, an instrument which accompanied Greek lyrical poetry, lyrical poetry does not need to be set to music. Lyric poetry expresses personal thoughts and emotions. ![]()
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